Marble is a natural dimension stone that is commonly used in buildings. Several questions have been raised due of the enormous energy demands and negative environmental effects of quarrying and processing. Furthermore, doing an environmental analysis of a production process, such as the creation of marble, necessitates taking into account a variety of environmental factors (e.g., noise, vibrations, dust and waste production, energy consumption). Unfortunately, the available impact accounting tools don't appear to be able to take into account all of the significant aspects of the marble production process that could have an impact on the environment, making it impossible to provide a thorough and clear and concise evaluation of all environmental aspects related to the marble production process. Therefore, it is essential to develop creative, simple, and reliable methods for assessing its environmental impact, and they must be used by non-technical people. In order to make a contribution in this regard, the current work proposes an accurate and consumer evaluation approach to weigh the importance of the environmental effects linked to the marble production process. To further show the method's feasibility, an application to a real marbleproducing company is provided. The method described here can also be used as a self-evaluation tool for adopting an ethical environmental policy because it makes it simple for business owners to identify the parts of their production chain that need environmental improvement the most.

Keywords: Marble Industry, Environmental Impacts, Water Pollution, Environmental Management Plan.

The paper “The Situation of Online Learning in the Philippines and the Rise of the Questioning Being” presents an argument that a person could be capacitated by way of philosophy of education in order to respond to the changes in the Philippine teaching-learning systems brought about by Covid-19 Pandemic. This argument is supported by a brief description of the educational system of the country devastated by some rash decisions and actions to Covid-19 Pandemic mitigations and responses. It is also backed up by an explanation on how a philosophy of education could lead to the rise of a Questioning Being, a Being equipped to survive the challenges of education in times of pandemic. The philosophy of education that could do this is something that addresses the changes of the times by bringing better solutions and alternatives, and something that is open and continuing.

Keywords: Philosophy of Education, Online Learning, and Questioning Being.

Stone crushing and quarrying activities have a significant impact on both human health and environmental quality. The current study was carried out to evaluate the environmental impacts of different stone crushing and quarrying facilities operating in different areas of Abbottabad region in Pakistan. The study was built around fieldwork, broad observations, a questionnaire, and an experiment. A decrease in agricultural productivity, a loss of local biodiversity, land degradation, the creation of unproductive wastelands, deterioration in the quality of the water, accidents, socio-economic conflicts, and serious health risks to those living nearby are all observed. These effects are serious in terms of dust, noise, and water pollution. The local administration of these units operating in the area makes no attempt to reduce harmful effects on the environment and public health. The current study aims to propose a suitable environmental management plan for stone crushing plants for both possible and potential environmental impacts.

Keywords: Stone Crushing, Air Quality, Water Quality, Noise Pollution.

This research paper examines the ramifications of 9/11 on Muslims and their portrayal as "Other" in three current novels: The Reluctant Fundamentalist by Mohsin Hamid, Home Boy by H.M. Naqvi, and How Does it Feel to Be a Problem? by Mustafa Bayoumi. Using the theoretical frameworks of Islamophobia, the postcolonial concept of 'Other,' Transnationalism, and Political Discourse Analysis, the study investigates the language used to project the negativity of Muslims and the positive vocabulary of the West, revealing the ideological tropes that link Muslims as an impending threat to America and the values and standards of Western civilization. Based on a close textual examination of these novels, the research findings indicate the use of political discourse to isolate and alienate the Muslim community in the Western world, creating them as a homogeneous group to be feared and studied. This article contends that such negative portrayals of Muslims have real-world effects, including discrimination, hate crimes, and estrangement within Muslim populations. The study emphasizes the fear of Islamophobia in modern Western society, reflects the ideological tropes at different levels of Western society, which links Muslims as an impending threat to America and the values and standards of Western civilization and pursues to analyze the language (political discourse) used to project the negativity of the Muslims and the positive vocabulary of the West.

Keywords: Political Discourse, Islamophobia, Transnationalism, Terrorism, Ideology, Other.

This study is a systematic literature review of the multimodal discourse analysis of marketing and advertising. It tries to find out what areas of concern the current literature has covered, what methodologies have been used, and what gaps can be covered in future studies. The study covers Englishlanguage open-access studies published between 2013 and April 2022. It has excluded book chapters, review articles, and conference articles. The information sources for this study are three repositories: Scopus, Web of Science, and Science Direct. An automatic search has been used to avoid the risk of bias. The automatic selection resulted in 217 studies, 89 of which are from the Scopus database, 35 from the Web of Science, and 93 from Science Direct. The resulting studies have been subjected to duplication removal, screening, and thorough reading, which resulted in the inclusion of 48 studies. The final number of studies provided clear evidence that answered the questions of this study. The study found that, according to their distribution over the years, the number of studies witnessed a significant increase in the period between 2019 and 2022 (the COVID-19 pandemic period). The most studied advertisements and marketing campaigns were those related to food products, advertising semiotics, healthcare, and cosmetic products. Websites provided the most examined material, followed by videos, then printed newspapers and magazines, meaning that more technical and multimodal material was dealt with more. Finally, the studies focused on materials collected in the United Kingdom, Sweden, China, and the USA.

Keywords: Multimodal Discourse Analysis, Discourse Analysis, Marketing, Advertisement, Media Studies, Linguistics.

Piaget defines four successive and universal stages in human cognitive development. Extensive studies conducted during recent years show that only a third of the population continues to attain formal development (ages 12-20). The current study explores the premise that schooling is the main factor that precipitates the transition to formal thinking. We examined illiterate adults who had never attended school and were not supposed to be capable of formal thinking. Our findings show that about one-fifth of the illiterate population can perform formal thinking. However, we also found that school contributes significantly to transferring most students to the end of the concrete stage but not beyond it.

Keywords: Human Cognitive Development, Formal Thinking, Illiterate, Cognitive Levels.